Domperidone

Major Uses

Domperidone is typically used in horses to prevent fescue toxicosis. This is caused when pregnant mares eat fescue (a plant belonging to the grass family) that is infected with fungus. It also is used as a prokinetic agent in dogs and cats by stimulating the motility of the upper GI tract. Domperidone can be used to stimulate lactation in both mares, and small animals as well.

Common Precautions

Domperidone should not be used in animals that have, or are suspected to have, gastrointestinal obstructions. The drug should not be administered to pregnant mares more than 15 days before the expected due date. Some adverse reactions that may occur with the use of domperidone may include galactorrhea and gynecomastia. In horses, premature lactation may be the most common effect with the use of the drug. An increase in aldosterone and prolactin secretion may also occur. Domperidone should not be administered to animals with a known allergy or hypersensitivity to the drug.

Drug interactions are a possibility with the use of domperidone, so the prescribing veterinarian should be informed of all other medications the pet is taking prior to administration. For example, domperidone can interact with azole antifungals (i.e. ketoconazole), anticholinergic drugs, macrolide antibiotics, opiods, and other medications as well.

Storage

Domperidone tablets should be stored in a tight, light-resistant container at room temperature and protected from moisture. The gel form should be stored at controlled room temperature at about 77 degrees Fahrenheit.

Administration

Domperidone is available in an oral gel form, as well as 10mg tablets. As a prokinetic agent, the typical dose of domperidone for dogs and cats is 0.05 - 0.1 mg/kg by mouth once or twice a day. To treat fescue toxicity in horses, the typical dose is 1.1 mg/kg by mouth once a day, starting 10-15 days before the Expected Foaling Date (EFD). Doses may vary in different species, when the drug is given by a different route or concurrently with other medications, and with regards to a patient's age, breed, and health status. A veterinarian's dosing instructions and/or those printed on the medication label should be followed closely.